WASHINGTON -- A federal judge on Tuesday ordered tobacco companies to publish corrective statements that say they lied about the dangers of smoking and that disclose smoking's health effects, including death, reported the Associated Press.
U.S. District Judge Gladys Kessler previously had said she wanted the industry to pay for corrective statements in various types of advertisements. But Tuesday's ruling is the first time she has laid out what the statements will say.
Each corrective ad is to be prefaced by a statement that a federal court has concluded that the defendant tobacco companies "deliberately deceived the American public about the health effects of smoking." Among the required statements are that smoking kills more people than murder, AIDS, suicide, drugs, car crashes and alcohol combined, and that "secondhand smoke kills over 3,000 Americans a year."
The corrective statements are part of a case the government brought in 1999 under the Racketeer Influenced & Corrupt Organizations (RICO) statute. Kessler ruled in that case in 2006 that the nation's largest cigarette makers concealed the dangers of smoking for decades, and said she wanted the industry to pay for "corrective statements" in various types of ads, both broadcast and print. The U.S. Department of Justice proposed corrective statements, which Kessler used as the basis for some of the ones she ordered Tuesday.
Tobacco companies had urged Kessler to reject the government's proposed industry-financed corrective statements; the companies called them "forced public confessions." They also said the statements were designed to "shame and humiliate" them. They had argued for statements that include the health effects and addictive qualities of smoking.
Kessler wrote that all of the corrective statements are based on specific findings of fact made by the court.
"This court made a number of explicit findings that the tobacco companies perpetuated fraud and deceived the public regarding the addictiveness of cigarettes and nicotine," she said.
A spokesperson for Altria Group Inc., parent company of Richmond, Va.-based Philip Morris USA, told AP that the company was studying the court's decision and did not provide any further comment. A spokesperson for Winston-Salem, N.C.-based Reynolds American Inc., parent company of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., told the news agency that the company was reviewing the ruling and considering its next steps.
The statements Kessler chose included five categories: adverse health effects of smoking; addictiveness of smoking and nicotine; lack of significant health benefit from smoking cigarettes marked as "low tar," ''light," etc.; manipulation of cigarette design and composition to ensure optimum nicotine delivery; and adverse health effects of exposure to secondhand smoke.
Among the statements within those categories:
- "Smoking kills, on average, 1,200 Americans. Every day."
- "Defendant tobacco companies intentionally designed cigarettes to make them more addictive."
- "When you smoke, the nicotine actually changes the brain--that's why quitting is so hard."
- "All cigarettes cause cancer, lung disease, heart attacks and premature death--lights, low tar, ultra lights and naturals. There is no safe cigarette."
- "Secondhand smoke causes lung cancer and coronary heart disease in adults who do not smoke."
- "Children exposed to secondhand smoke are at an increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), acute respiratory infections, ear problems, severe asthma and reduced lung function."
- "There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke."
In July, a federal appeals court rejected efforts by the tobacco companies to overrule Kessler's ruling requiring corrective statements. The companies had argued that a 2009 law that gave the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) authority over the industry eliminated "any reasonable likelihood" that they would commit future RICO violations.
In her ruling Tuesday, Kessler ordered the tobacco companies and the Justice Department to meet beginning next month to address how to implement the corrective statements, including whether they will be put in inserts with cigarette packs and on websites, TV and newspaper ads. Those discussions are to conclude by March, said the report.
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